Association Between Nutritional Status, Systemic Health Conditions, and Oral Rehabilitation Outcomes in Adult Dental Patients
Nutritional Status, Oral Rehabilitation, Systemic health conditions, Diabetes mellitus, Oral health, Patient-reported outcomes
AuthorsAbstractNutritional status and systemic health conditions are recognized determinants of oral health and may influence oral rehabilitation (OR) outcomes. There is, however, limited data regarding the relation of these two variables to patientreported OR outcomes in adult patients attending dental clinics. To evaluate the association between Nutritional Status (NS), systemic diseases, and OR outcomes among adult patients attending a dental clinic. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based observational study was carried out among 80 adult patients attending the dental clinic for OR. Information on demographics, nutritional status, systemic diseases, oral hygiene, rehabilitation details, and patient-reported outcomes was collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were presented as frequency and percentages along with mean ± SD. Independent samples t-test, chi-square test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were carried out with statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Participants exhibited a moderately sound NS along with acceptable OR outcomes. The association between NS and OR outcomes was highly significant (r = 0.377, p = 0.0006). Diabetic participants had significantly poorer OR outcomes compared to non-diabetics (p = 0.0049), while hypertension and obesity had no significant impact on the outcomes of OR. Nutritional status was identified to have a significant impact on OR outcomes through multiple linear regression analysis, whereas diabetes mellitus significantly impacted the outcomes negatively. Good NS positively affected OR outcomes, while diabetes mellitus negatively affected the treatment process. It is recommended that NS assessments and health conditions of patients must be considered during OR processes. 1. Introduction Oral health is a vital part of overall health and it is important to maintain proper nutrition, communication, aesthetics and general life quality. Oral Rehabilitation (OR) is becoming more and more necessary to adult patients because of tooth loss, periodontal disease, dental caries, trauma and oral aging. Effective OR does not just rely on restoration of dental functionality since the results of any treatment depends on various factors related to the patient, such as nutritional and general health. It has been shown that poor health outcomes and worse clinical recovery are linked to compromised oral health, which underlines the necessity to place oral conditions in the framework of a broader healthcare perspective [1]. Nutrition plays a role in the preservation of oral tissues, immune competence, bone metabolism and wound healing, which are all important in effective OR. Proper consumption of macro- and micronutrients promotes periodontal well-being, mucosal integrity, osseointegration, and adaptation to prosthetic therapy, and nutritional deficiencies can disrupt healing and decrease the success of treatment [2]. A more recent systematic review has also confirmed that Nutritional Status (NS) is highly correlated with oral health outcome and affects how such patients who need dental rehabilitation are managed [3].
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