European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

Comparative Evaluation of 3D-Printed Resins for Single-Tooth Dental Crowns - Provisional and Permanent: A Scoping Review

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Cover Date

September 2025

Print ISSN

0965-7452

Electronic ISSN

2396-889

Vol

33

Issue

3

Abstract

Objective: Collect and synthesize data on 3D-printed resins used for single-tooth dental
crowns. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across MEDLINE/PubMed,
Web of Science, and Scopus databases, covering publications from January 2013 to 18th
August 2024. Relevant gray literature was also considered. From a total of 2803 records
initially identified, 103 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review.
Results: Data were extracted for 47 different 3D-printed resin materials, including
information on product names, manufacturers, and chemical compositions. Mechanical
properties: flexural strength (124 MPa), load to failure (1397 N), flexural modulus ( 2818
MPa), and Vickers microhardness (20.94 kgf/ mm2). Degree of conversion (27-95.2%);
Wear loss (vertical loss: 62-257 μm; volumetric loss: 0.08-20 mm3); Surface roughness
(Ra: 2.16 μm); Internal fit (137.26 μm), marginal fit (86.49 μm); Bond strength (16.97-
24.75 MPa). Cellular response and bacterial adhesion showed variability in biocompatibility,
influenced by post-processing protocols. Conclusions: 3D-printed resins dental
crowns demonstrate promising in vitro mechanical performance, including fracture
resistance values that withstand typical masticatory forces. Studies report generally favorable
bond strength, and acceptable internal and marginal adaptation. However, these
materials tend to exhibit lower flexural strength, elastic modulus, and hardness when
compared to milled resin counterparts.

Keywords
3D Printing
Additive Manufacturing
Fixed Dental Prosthesis
Scoping Review
Dental Crowns
Resin Composite